277.01 WHEN TAX IS DELINQUENT; PENALTY.
    Subdivision 1. Due dates; penalty. Except as provided in this subdivision and subdivision 3,
all unpaid personal property taxes shall be deemed delinquent on May 16 next after they become
due or 21 days after the postmark date on the envelope containing the property tax statement,
whichever is later, and thereupon a penalty of eight percent shall attach and be charged upon all
such taxes. In the case of unpaid personal property taxes due and owing under section 272.01,
subdivision 2 , or 273.19, the first half shall become delinquent if not paid before May 16 or 21
days after the postmark date on the envelope containing the property tax statement, whichever is
later, and the second half shall become delinquent if not paid before October 16; penalties for
unpaid tax on such property are imposed under section 279.01, subdivision 1. This section shall
not apply to property taxed under section 273.125, subdivision 8, paragraph (c).
A county may provide by resolution that in the case of a property owner that has multiple
personal property tax statements with the aggregate taxes exceeding $50, payments may be made
in installments as provided in this subdivision.
    Subd. 2.MS 1965 [Repealed, 1967 c 99 s 6]
    Subd. 2. Partial payments. The county treasurer may accept payments of more or less
than the exact amount of a tax installment due. If the accepted payment is less than the amount
due, payments must be applied first to the penalty accrued for the year the payment is made.
Acceptance of partial payment of tax does not constitute a waiver of the minimum payment
required as a condition for filing an appeal under section 278.03 or any other law, nor does it
affect the order of payment of delinquent taxes under section 280.39.
    Subd. 3. Improvements to real property. Personal property taxes assessed upon
improvements made to real property taxed under section 272.01, subdivision 2, or 273.19, if
unpaid, become delinquent on May 16 or 21 days after the postmark date on the envelope
containing the property tax statement, whichever is later. If the tax against the improvements
exceeds $50, one-half may be paid before May 16 and the remaining one-half must be paid at any
time before the following October 16, without penalty. Section 279.01, subdivision 1, otherwise
governs imposition of penalties.
History: (2088) RL s 888; 1933 c 379 s 1; 1965 c 788 s 1; 1967 c 99 s 1; 1971 c 797 s 6;
1987 c 268 art 7 s 46; 1Sp1989 c 1 art 9 s 58; 1990 c 480 art 8 s 5; 1991 c 291 art 12 s 12;
1992 c 511 art 4 s 13; 1993 c 375 art 3 s 29,48

277.011 [Repealed, 1993 c 375 art 3 s 47]

277.02 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.03 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.04 [Repealed, 1969 c 991 s 4]

277.05 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.06 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.07 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.08 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.09 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.10 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.11 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.12 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.13 [Repealed, 1991 c 291 art 15 s 10]

277.14 DOCKETING JUDGMENT.
Every judgment for personal property taxes shall be docketed and thereafter become a lien
upon the real property of the debtor in the county within which the judgment was rendered to
the same extent as other judgments for the recovery of money and may be docketed in other
counties in like manner and with like effect.
History: (2101) RL s 901

277.15 INTEREST.
All personal property tax amounts not paid as of January 1 of the year following the year
in which they were due, whichever is later, shall, together with associated penalties and costs,
until paid, bear interest as provided in section 279.03, except that the provisions of section 278.08
shall govern in regard to interest for the years included in the judgment for a suit initiated under
chapter 278.
History: (2102) 1909 c 448 s 1; 1Sp1981 c 1 art 8 s 12; 1990 c 480 art 8 s 9; 1993 c 375 art
3 s 30; 1994 c 416 art 1 s 31

277.16 SATISFACTION OF JUDGMENT.
Upon payment to the county treasurer of any personal property tax for which judgment has
been obtained, the treasurer shall deliver a certificate of such fact to the court administrator, who
shall file the same, and satisfy the judgment upon the margin of the record thereof, stating the date
of payment and number of receipt given therefor, and shall note the satisfaction upon the docket.
History: (2103) RL s 902; 1Sp1986 c 3 art 1 s 82

277.17 ESCROW REQUIREMENT FOR DELINQUENCIES ON MANUFACTURED
HOMES.
    Subdivision 1. Notification to manufactured home owner. At least once in each calendar
year, the county treasurer must send a letter to each owner of a manufactured home for which
the taxes due in that calendar year have not been fully paid. The first letter sent, in regard to any
specific delinquent amount, must contain a notification that if the delinquent taxes are not paid in
full within 90 days of the date of issuance of the notice one of the following may occur:
(1) the owner may be required under state law to begin making monthly payments of
delinquent property taxes, and the property taxes will also be escrowed for payment of property
taxes the following year; or
(2) the county will notify the lender of the tax delinquency and request the lender to initiate
the process provided under section 47.209. The form and content of the notice to the owner shall
be specified by the commissioner of revenue.
Unless the collection of the tax is in jeopardy and the treasurer is proceeding under the
authority of section 277.21, subdivision 2, the county may not levy and seize property of the
taxpayer until 90 days after the postmark date of the letter containing the notification required
under this subdivision.
    Subd. 2. Establishment of tax escrow accounts. The county treasurer may establish a
tax escrow account for delinquent property taxes for an owner who receives a notice under
subdivision 1 if the county does not initiate the process provided under section 47.209. If an
escrow account is established for an owner who receives a notice regarding taxes due, the
treasurer shall determine an amount the owner must pay each month such that by the following
August 31, the owner will have paid the delinquent manufactured home personal property taxes,
penalties, and interest due, plus the estimated manufactured home personal property tax that will
become due and payable in the year following the year of delinquency. If the owner fails to pay
any manufactured home personal property tax that becomes due prior to the following August
31, the additional amount of tax due but unpaid, plus penalty and interest, will be added to the
delinquent property taxes payable by installment under this section.
    Subd. 3. County escrow. Within 30 days of receipt of notice from the county treasurer under
subdivision 2, the owner must make the first monthly payment under subdivision 2 to the county
treasurer. The commissioner of revenue shall prescribe the procedures to be used for monthly
collections of the delinquent and current tax payments. If an owner is making the payments at the
time required under this section, no action may be taken under section 277.21 with respect to the
manufactured home for which the property taxes are being paid into the escrow account.
History: 1991 c 291 art 15 s 3; 1992 c 511 art 2 s 23; 1993 c 375 art 3 s 31

277.20 LIEN FOR PERSONAL PROPERTY TAX.
    Subdivision 1. Creation of lien. Except for property exempt under subdivision 3, the tax
assessed on personal property or manufactured homes and collectible under this chapter is a lien
on all the real and personal property within this state of the person liable for the payment of the
tax. The lien arises on January 2 of the year in which the tax is assessed and continues until the
tax is paid. For purposes of this section and section 277.21, "tax" also includes penalty, interest,
recording fees, sheriff fees, and court costs that may accrue on the unpaid tax.
    Subd. 2. Filing of lien for enforceability. The lien imposed by subdivision 1 is not
enforceable against any purchaser, mortgagee, pledgee, holder of a Uniform Commercial Code
security interest, mechanic's lienor, or judgment lien creditor until a notice of lien has been filed
by the county treasurer in the office of the county recorder of the county in which the property is
situated, or, in the case of personal property, in the office of the secretary of state. Priority of a
lien created under Laws 1991, chapter 291, article 15, shall be determined in accordance with the
provisions of section 507.34. Liens filed in the office of the county recorder shall be filed with
the state tax liens filed pursuant to section 270C.63, and the index shall indicate the name of the
county for which the lien was filed. If the land is registered, the notice of lien shall be filed in the
office of the registrar of titles of the county in which the property is registered. Notwithstanding
any other law to the contrary, the county treasurer is exempt from the payment of fees when the
lien is offered for filing or recording; the fee for filing or recording the lien must be paid at the
time the release of lien is offered for filing or recording. Notwithstanding any law to the contrary,
the fee for filing or recording the lien or the release of lien is $15.
    Subd. 3. Exempt property. The lien imposed on personal property by this section, even
though properly filed, is not enforceable against the personal property listed as exempt in sections
550.37, 550.38, and 550.39, but manufactured homes otherwise exempt under section 550.37,
subdivision 12 , are subject to lien under this section.
    Subd. 4. Period of limitations. Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the lien
imposed by this section is enforceable from the time the lien arises and for ten years from the
date of filing the notice of lien. The notice of lien must be filed by the county treasurer within
five years after the date of assessment of the tax. A notice of lien filed in one county may be
transcribed to any other county within ten years after the date of its filing, but the transcription
does not extend the period during which the lien is enforceable. A notice of lien may be renewed
by the county treasurer before the expiration of the ten-year period for an additional ten years.
The taxpayer must receive written notice of the renewal.
    Subd. 5. Enforceability of lien. The lien imposed by this section is enforceable by levy as
authorized in section 277.21, or by judgment lien foreclosure as authorized in chapter 550.
    Subd. 6. Notice of mortgage foreclosure or contract termination. If a lien has been filed
by the county treasurer against real property under this section, and, after the recording of the lien,
a mortgage foreclosure upon the real property is commenced under chapter 580, or a termination
of contract of sale of the real property is commenced under section 559.21, notice of the mortgage
foreclosure or termination of contract of sale must be mailed to the county treasurer at least 25
days before the foreclosure, sale, or date of termination. Notice need not be given under this
subdivision if the lien has been filed within 30 days or less before the foreclosure, sale, or date of
termination. The notice must contain the following information:
(1) the name and address of the taxpayer;
(2) a copy of the notice of mortgage foreclosure or contract for deed cancellation;
(3) a copy of the lien filed by the county treasurer;
(4) the total unpaid balance of the mortgage or contract for deed; and
(5) a legal description of the property.
Upon a request of a party providing notice under this subdivision, the county treasurer shall send
to the party within one business day of receiving the notice a receipt for the notice.
    Subd. 7. Filing entitlement. Execution of notices of liens or of other notices affecting
personal property tax liens by the county treasurer or a delegate entitles them to be filed, and no
other attestation, certification, or acknowledgment is necessary.
    Subd. 8. Lien search fees. Upon request of a person, the filing officer shall issue a certificate
showing whether there is on file, on the date and hour stated in the certificate, any notice of lien or
certificate or notice affecting any lien filed after December 31, 1991, naming a particular person,
and giving the date and hour of filing of each notice or certificate naming the person. The fee
for a certificate is as provided by section 336.9-525 or 357.18, subdivision 1, clause (3). Upon
request, the filing officer shall furnish a copy of any notice of lien, or notice or certificate affecting
a lien, for a fee of $1 per page.
History: 1991 c 291 art 15 s 4; 2001 c 195 art 2 s 18; 2003 c 127 art 5 s 30; 2005 c 151
art 2 s 17

277.21 LEVY AND DISTRAINT.
    Subdivision 1. Collection authority of the county treasurer. If a tax assessed on personal
property or manufactured homes and collectible under this chapter is not paid when due, the
county treasurer shall, as soon as practicable, take action the county treasurer considers necessary
and reasonable to collect the delinquent tax. By mutual agreement, the county treasurer may use
the services of the district court or the central collection unit of the county to effect collection. In
addition, by inclusion and not limitation, the county treasurer may request a writ of execution to
enforce any tax judgment or may levy and seize property under authority granted by this section.
Taxes may be collected by the county treasurer within five years after the date of assessment of the
tax, or if a lien has been filed, within the period the lien is enforceable, or if the tax judgment has
been filed, within the statutory period of enforcement of a valid tax judgment, by a levy upon all
property and rights to property of the person liable for the payment of the tax. However, the right to
levy does not extend to property that is exempt from execution under sections 550.37, 550.38, and
550.39, but manufactured homes otherwise exempt per section 550.37, subdivision 12, are subject
to levy and sale under this section. The term "levy" includes the power of distraint and seizure by
any means. For this purpose, the term "tax" includes penalty, interest, and costs properly payable.
    Subd. 2. Notice and demand; jeopardy collection. At least 30 days before a levy is made,
notice and demand for payment of the amount due must be given to the person liable for the
payment or collection of the tax. If the county treasurer has reason to believe that collection of
the tax is in jeopardy, notice and demand for immediate payment of the tax may be made by the
county treasurer. If the tax is not paid, the county treasurer may proceed to collect by levy without
regard to the 30-day period or the due date.
If collection of tax on personal property or manufactured homes is in jeopardy because of
removal from the county or other reasons before the time that the taxes are calculated for the
property for the current tax year, the county auditor shall immediately determine the amount of tax
by applying the latest available levy rate and market value and shall notify the county treasurer
of the amount of tax in jeopardy. The county treasurer may levy and seize the property without
regard to prior notice or due date.
The notice required under this subdivision must be sent to the taxpayer's last known address
and must include a brief statement that states in simple and nontechnical terms:
(1) the administrative appeals available to the taxpayer with respect to the levy and sale; and
(2) the alternatives available to the taxpayer that can prevent a levy, including an installment
payment agreement under section 277.23.
    Subd. 3. Manner of execution and sale. In making the execution of the levy and in
collecting the taxes due in a manner consistent with the provisions of this chapter, the county
treasurer has all of the powers in chapter 550, and the powers given to the commissioner of
revenue in sections 270C.68, 270C.69, and 270C.70, for purposes of effecting an execution
against property in this state. The sale of property levied upon, and the time and manner of
redemption therefrom, must be consistent with authority granted to the commissioner of revenue
to collect state taxes under sections 270C.67 to 270C.72. The seal of the court, subscribed by the
court administrator, as provided in section 550.04, is not required. The levy for collection of taxes
may be made, whether or not a legal action for collection of the taxes has been commenced.
    Subd. 4. Stay of sale. (a) Except for a jeopardy collection under subdivision 2, property shall
not be seized for collection of tax until the time has expired for filing an appeal of the assessment
with the Tax Court under this chapter, or section 273.125 in the case of a manufactured home. If
a jeopardy assessment has been made, the owner may file an appeal with the Tax Court within
30 days after the notice of assessment is issued by the county. The notice shall advise the owner
of the right of appeal. If a timely appeal has been filed, no sale may be made unless the taxes
remain unpaid for a period of more than 30 days after final determination of the appeal by the Tax
Court or by the appropriate judicial forum.
(b) Notwithstanding paragraph (a), seized property may be sold if:
(1) the taxpayer consents in writing to the sale; or
(2) the county treasurer determines that the property is perishable or may become greatly
reduced in price or value by keeping, or that the property cannot be kept without great expense.
    Subd. 5. Probate proceedings. If a levy has been made to collect taxes under this section
and the property seized is properly included in a formal proceeding commenced under sections
524.3-401 to 524.3-505 and maintained under full supervision of the court, the property may not
be sold until the probate proceedings are completed or until the court so orders.
    Subd. 6. Bond or security to release a seizure. The property seized must be returned to the
owner if the owner gives a surety bond equal to the appraised value of the owner's interest in the
property, or deposits with the county treasurer security in a form and amount that is necessary to
ensure payment of the liability, but not more than twice the liability.
    Subd. 7. Injunction. Notwithstanding any other provision to the contrary, if a levy or sale
under this section would irreparably injure rights in property that the court determines to be
superior to rights of the taxing districts in the property, the district court may grant an injunction
to prohibit the enforcement of the levy or to prohibit a sale.
    Subd. 8. Personal liability. A person who fails or refuses to surrender without reasonable
cause any property or rights to property subject to levy, upon demand by the county treasurer, is
personally liable to the treasurer in an amount equal to the value of the property or rights not so
surrendered, but not exceeding the amount of taxes for the collection of which the levy has been
made. Any amount recovered under this subdivision must be credited against the tax liability for
the collection of which the levy was made.
    Subd. 9. Penalty. In addition to the personal liability imposed by subdivision 8, if a person
required to surrender property or rights to property fails or refuses to surrender the property or
rights to property without reasonable cause, the person is liable for a penalty equal to 25 percent
of the amount recoverable under subdivision 8. No part of the penalty may be credited against
the tax liability for the collection of which the levy was made.
    Subd. 10. Person defined. The term "person" as used in subdivision 8 includes an officer or
employee of a corporation or a member or employee of a partnership who, as an officer, employee,
or member is under a duty to surrender the property or rights to property or to discharge the
obligation. The county attorney shall take appropriate action against any person who has failed
to comply with subdivision 8 or 9.
    Subd. 11. Optional remedy. An action taken by the county treasurer under this section does
not constitute an election to pursue a remedy to the exclusion of any other remedy.
    Subd. 12. Equitable relief. Upon the seizure of property of a person, that person may, upon
giving 48-hours notice to the county treasurer and to the court, bring a claim for equitable relief
before the district court for the release of the property to the taxpayer upon terms and conditions
the court considers equitable.
    Subd. 13. Levy and sale by sheriff. If a tax collectible under this chapter is not paid as
provided in subdivision 1 or 2, the county treasurer may, within the time prescribed for collection
in subdivision 1, delegate authority by issuing a warrant to the sheriff of a county in the state of
Minnesota directing the sheriff as the county treasurer's agent to levy on and sell the real and
personal property of the person liable for the payment of the tax and to return the warrant and pay
to the county treasurer the money collected within 120 days from the date of the warrant.
The sheriff shall proceed under authority of the warrant to levy on and seize any property and
rights to property in the county belonging to the person liable for the payment of the tax, except
that the right to levy and seizure does not extend to property that is exempt from execution under
sections 550.37, 550.38, and 550.39, but manufactured homes otherwise exempt under section
550.37, subdivision 12, are subject to levy under this section. The sheriff shall sell so much of the
property levied on as is necessary to satisfy the amount of the warrant and the sheriff's costs.
Sales procedures, and the time and manner of redemption from them, must be consistent
with the procedures in sections 270C.7101 to 270C.7109 for warrants issued by the commissioner
of revenue. The sale proceeds, less the sheriff's costs, must be turned over to the county treasurer
who issued the warrant. The proceeds must be applied as provided in section 270C.7108.
    Subd. 14. Priority of levy. Notwithstanding section 52.12, a levy by the county treasurer
made under this section on a taxpayer's funds on deposit in a financial institution located in this
state, has priority over an unexercised right of setoff of the financial institution to apply the levied
funds toward the balance of an outstanding loan or loans owed by the taxpayer to the financial
institution. A claim by the financial institution that it exercised its right to setoff before the levy
must be substantiated by evidence of the date of the setoff, and must be verified by the sworn
statement of a responsible corporate officer of the financial institution. Furthermore, for purposes
of determining the priority of a levy made under this section, the levy must be treated as if it
were an execution made under chapter 550.
    Subd. 15. Effect of honoring levy. A person in possession of, or obligated with respect
to, property or rights to property subject to levy on which a levy has been made who, upon
demand by the county treasurer or agent, surrenders the property or rights to property, or pays a
liability under subdivision 8, must be discharged from any obligation or liability to the person
liable for the payment or collection of the delinquent tax with respect to the property or rights
to property so surrendered or paid.
    Subd. 16. Notice of levy. Notwithstanding any other law to the contrary, the notice of a levy
authorized by this section may be served by mail or by delivery by an employee or agent of
the county treasurer.
History: 1991 c 291 art 15 s 5; 1994 c 465 art 2 s 1; 1995 c 189 s 8; 1996 c 277 s 1;
1997 c 31 art 3 s 12; 2005 c 151 art 2 s 17

277.22 ADJUSTMENT OF TAX LIABILITY.
If the amount of tax determined under section 277.21, subdivision 2, is greater than the
corrected tax computed by applying the proper value and levy rate, the excess must be refunded
to the person paying the tax. If the amount paid is less, the deficiency must be collected in the
same manner as other personal property taxes not collected.
History: 1991 c 291 art 15 s 6

277.23 CONFESSION OF JUDGMENT FOR HOMESTEAD.
    Subdivision 1. Procedure. The owner or another person having an interest in a manufactured
home classified and taxed as a homestead may confess judgment and pay the delinquent personal
property tax on the manufactured home in installments in the general manner provided in section
279.37 for real property tax. The provisions of section 279.37 apply to these confessions of
judgment and installment payments, except as otherwise provided in this section. A down
payment must be tendered of 20 percent of the amount of taxes, costs, penalty, and interest
accrued to the date of tender. The balance of the judgment must be paid in four equal annual
installments, plus interest on the unpaid balance as provided in this chapter.
The confession of judgment must be substantially in the following form:
"To the court administrator of the district court of ........ county:
Name of taxpayer:

---

Location of manufactured home (county):

---

Description of property:

---

		Tax Year		Amount due
		(start with the most recent tax year in which you owe taxes)		(total of delinquent taxes, costs, interest, and penalty)

I am the owner of the manufactured home described above.
I offer to confess judgment on the following amount of the delinquent taxes on the property
named above:
Amount to be paid: $.........
I direct the court to enter judgment for that amount.
I waive all irregularities in the tax proceedings affecting these taxes, and I waive any defense
or objection I may have to them.
I agree to pay 20 percent of the total amount now.
Amount paid now: $.........
I agree to pay the balance of the amount in four equal annual installments. I agree to pay
each installment on or before December 31 of each year after the year in which I file this form.
I agree to pay interest as provided in Minnesota Statutes, chapter 277. I agree that the interest
is payable annually on the installments remaining unpaid.
I agree to pay current taxes each year before they become delinquent, unless I contest the
taxes under Minnesota Statutes, chapter 277. If I do contest them, I agree to pay the amount
decided by the Tax Court within 30 days after the court enters its final judgment in the proceedings.

		Date:
		Signature of taxpayer: "

Upon receipt of the signed confession of judgment and the required payment, the county
treasurer shall file the confession of judgment with the court administrator of the district court.
When entered by the court administrator, the judgment has the same force and effect of other
civil judgments in personam.
    Subd. 2. Billing. The county treasurer shall give notice by mail before December 1 of each
year to the person making a confession of judgment at the address given in it of the payment due
under the confession on the following December 31. If the county treasurer has not received the
installment payment by December 31, the treasurer shall give notice by certified mail at the last
known address of the person making the confession of judgment, without regard to the county
or state of the person's residency. This notice must state that the property is subject to levy and
sale if payment is not made for the preceding December 31 within 60 days. Failure to send or
receive the notice does not postpone any payment or excuse any default under the confession
of judgment. Proof of mailing must be made by the certificate of the county treasurer filed in
the treasurer's office.
    Subd. 3. Fees. The party making a confession of judgment shall pay the county treasurer a
fee as set by the county board to defray the costs of processing the confession of judgment and
making the annual billings required. Fees as set by the county board must be paid to the court
administrator of the court for entry of judgment and for the entry of each full or partial release of
the confession of judgment. Fees must be credited to the general revenue fund of the county.
History: 1991 c 291 art 15 s 7

277.24 UNCOLLECTED TAXES.
If at any time in the collection proceedings the county treasurer is satisfied that the tax
cannot be collected for any reason or finds that the collection costs are excessive in comparison
to the amount of tax involved, the treasurer may cancel the taxes due. A list of canceled taxes
must be kept by the treasurer for a period of six years. The list must identify the taxpayer, the
amount of uncollectible liability, and the reason for uncollectibility.
History: 1991 c 291 art 15 s 8